S R et al | DOI: 10.65188/nurexus.1012
Nurexus | Journal of MedVerse Research and Practice | Volume 3 | Issue – 01 | January 2025
Page 28
Journal of MedVerse Research & Practice
nurexus.com
Modern Orthodontic Practices encompass the following
Advancements and Methods
Dr. Ronado S
Associate professor
Dept. of Orthodontics, School of Dental Sciences
Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth “Deemed to be University”, Taluka-Karad, Maharashtra, India.
Email ID: drronado16@gmail.com
Submission Date: 26.12.2024
Accepted Date: 20.01.2025
Published Date: 31.01.2025
DOI: 10.65188/nurexus.1012
Copyright © 2025. The author(s). Published by Journal of MedVerse Research and Practice. This is an open-access
article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
Abstract
This review examines emerging advancements in orthodontics, focusing on the latest technologies and
methodologies transforming the field. The integration of digital tools, including 3D imaging, CAD/CAM systems,
and artificial intelligence (AI), has significantly improved diagnostic precision, treatment planning, and appliance
fabrication, leading to enhanced efficiency and accuracy. The widespread use of clear aligners and self-ligating
brackets offers both aesthetic and comfort benefits, increasing patient satisfaction. Innovations in biomaterials and
biomechanics have introduced more durable and biocompatible orthodontic materials, optimizing treatment
effectiveness. Additionally, interdisciplinary approaches foster collaboration with other dental and medical
specialties, promoting holistic patient care. Ethical and regulatory considerations play a crucial role in the adoption
of these advancements, ensuring patient safety and equitable access to treatment. This review also explores future
possibilities, such as AI-driven treatment plans, bioengineered materials, and 3D bioprinting, which are expected to
further revolutionize orthodontic practice. By analyzing recent clinical studies and outcomes, this review provides a
thorough assessment of the transformative potential of these innovations in orthodontics.
Keywords: Orthodontics, Digital Innovations, 3D Imaging, AI in Dentistry, CAD/CAM Technology, Clear
Aligners, Self-Ligating Brackets, Biomaterials, Biomechanics, Teleorthodontics, Personalized Treatment,
Ethical Considerations, Regulatory Challenges, Future Trends
Introduction
Orthodontics, the dental specialty focused on diagnosing and correcting misalignments of the teeth and jaw,
has undergone remarkable progress in recent years. These advancements have revolutionized diagnostic
methods, treatment planning, and patient care, significantly enhancing clinical outcomes and patient
experiences. This review provides an in-depth exploration of the latest innovations in orthodontics,
highlighting how technological and material advancements are shaping the field’s future.[1]
Traditionally, orthodontic treatment primarily relied on mechanical techniques, such as braces and wires, to
reposition teeth. However, modern innovations have incorporated digital technology, advanced materials
science, and cutting-edge imaging techniques, resulting in more precise, efficient, and patient-friendly
S R et al | DOI: 10.65188/nurexus.1012
Nurexus | Journal of MedVerse Research and Practice | Volume 3 | Issue – 01 | January 2025
Page 29
treatments. These developments have increased both the accuracy and accessibility of orthodontic care.[2]
This review covers the historical progression of orthodontic techniques, the advent of digital orthodontics,
the introduction of new materials and biomechanics, and the role of AI and robotics in treatment planning
and execution. Additionally, it discusses patient-centered innovations, interdisciplinary collaborations, and
the ethical and regulatory challenges associated with these advancements. Recent clinical studies and their
outcomes will be examined to provide a balanced perspective on the benefits and limitations of these
innovations.[3]
Key concepts such as digital orthodontics, self-ligating brackets, teleorthodontics, and individualized
treatment approaches will be contextualized within the modern orthodontic practice. Understanding these
concepts is crucial for appreciating the significant impact of emerging trends in this field.
Orthodontic treatments have evolved beyond traditional metal braces. The introduction of clear aligners,
such as Invisalign, has improved the aesthetics and comfort of orthodontic care. These aligners are custom-
fabricated using 3D printing technology, which enhances treatment precision and efficiency. Additionally,
CAD/CAM technology enables the development of customized orthodontic appliances, improving the
accuracy and effectiveness of treatment strategies [4].
Advancements in digital imaging, particularly 3D imaging techniques, have transformed diagnostic and
treatment planning procedures. These technologies offer highly detailed visualizations of the teeth and jaw
structure, allowing orthodontists to optimize treatment approaches. Furthermore, AI and machine learning
applications have enhanced diagnostic accuracy and treatment planning, enabling predictive analytics that
anticipate treatment progression and facilitate timely adjustments [5].
Robotic technology is also emerging as a valuable tool in orthodontics, with applications ranging from
automated bracket placement to robotic-assisted surgeries. These innovations hold the potential to minimize
treatment duration and enhance procedural accuracy.
Tele orthodontics, which enables remote monitoring and virtual consultations, has gained traction,
particularly in response to the increased demand for remote healthcare services following the COVID-19
pandemic. This approach enhances patient accessibility to orthodontic care while improving convenience
[3]. Patient-focused innovations, including minimally invasive techniques and personalized treatment
strategies, have contributed to increased patient compliance and satisfaction. These methods consider
individual patient needs and preferences, making orthodontic treatments more adaptable and appealing [6].
Evolution of Orthodontics
Orthodontics has a long history, with evidence of early dental alignment techniques used by the
Egyptians, Etruscans, and Greeks. However, it was not until the 18th and 19th centuries that orthodontics
emerged as a distinct discipline within dentistry. Pierre Fauchard, known as the "Father of Dentistry,"
introduced the concept of tooth alignment in 1728 with the "bandeau," a metal device designed to expand
the dental arch. Later, Edward Angle, regarded as the "Father of Modern Orthodontics," developed the
first classification system for malocclusions and pioneered orthodontic appliances like the E-arch and
ribbon arch bracket, laying the groundwork for contemporary practices.[7]
The 20th century saw major advancements, including the use of stainless steel for orthodontic appliances,
S R et al | DOI: 10.65188/nurexus.1012
Nurexus | Journal of MedVerse Research and Practice | Volume 3 | Issue – 01 | January 2025
Page 30
cephalometric radiography for precise diagnosis, and bonding adhesives in the 1970s, which allowed
brackets to be directly attached to teeth. The introduction of pre-adjusted edgewise brackets further
streamlined treatment. With the rise of digital technology in the 21st century, orthodontics underwent a
significant transformation. Digital imaging, CAD/CAM systems, and 3D printing enabled more accurate
diagnosis and personalized treatment planning. Artificial intelligence and machine learning now assist in
treatment optimization, while robotics offer new possibilities for precision procedures.
The evolution of orthodontics reflects continuous innovation, from ancient methods to today’s cutting-
edge technologies. Understanding this historical progression provides insight into current trends and
future advancements shaping the field.[8]
Emerging Trends and Technological Advancements in Orthodontics
Orthodontics is undergoing a significant transformation, driven by advancements in digital
technology, innovative materials, and modern treatment approaches. These developments are
enhancing the precision, efficiency, and accessibility of care, ultimately improving patient
experiences and clinical outcomes.[9]
Digital Orthodontics
The integration of digital technologies has reshaped orthodontic diagnosis, treatment planning, and
appliance fabrication. Three-dimensional (3D) imaging, particularly cone-beam computed tomography
(CBCT), provides highly detailed visualizations of dental and skeletal structures, enabling more precise
assessments. Additionally, computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology facilitates
the creation of customized brackets, aligners, and other appliances, improving treatment accuracy. The
use of 3D printing further streamlines this process by enabling rapid and personalized production of
orthodontic devices.[10]
Clear Aligners and Self-Ligating Brackets
Clear aligners, such as Invisalign, have transformed orthodontic treatment by offering a nearly invisible,
removable, and comfortable alternative to traditional braces. Custom-fabricated using 3D technology,
these aligners gradually shift teeth into alignment while allowing for better oral hygiene. Meanwhile, self-
ligating brackets eliminate the need for elastic ties by using built-in clips to hold the archwire, reducing
friction and potentially shortening treatment duration. These innovations contribute to improved patient
satisfaction and treatment efficiency.[11]
Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
Artificial intelligence (AI) is playing an increasingly vital role in orthodontics by analyzing large datasets
to refine treatment planning and predict outcomes. AI-powered tools assist orthodontists in diagnosing
complex cases, optimizing tooth movement, and streamlining workflows. Robotics is also emerging as a
promising field, with applications such as automated bracket placement and precision-guided orthodontic
procedures, minimizing human error and improving clinical accuracy.[12]
Tele orthodontics
The demand for remote healthcare solutions has accelerated the adoption of teleorthodontics. Virtual
consultations, digital monitoring, and AI-driven assessments allow orthodontists to oversee treatment
progress remotely, reducing the need for frequent in-office visits. This approach improves accessibility,
particularly for patients in remote locations, and enhances convenience without compromising the quality
S R et al | DOI: 10.65188/nurexus.1012
Nurexus | Journal of MedVerse Research and Practice | Volume 3 | Issue – 01 | January 2025
Page 31
of care. Innovative trends in orthodontics are revolutionizing the field, enhancing both treatment
efficiency and patient experience. From digital imaging and AI-driven diagnostics to remote orthodontic
care, these advancements are shaping a more precise, patient-friendly future for orthodontic practice. As
technology continues to evolve, orthodontics is set to become even more personalized, efficient, and
accessible.[13]
Biomaterials and Biomechanics in Orthodontics
Recent advancements in biomaterials and biomechanics have revolutionized orthodontics, enhancing both
treatment efficiency and patient comfort.
Orthodontic Material Innovations
Orthodontic materials have evolved significantly from traditional stainless steel to ceramics, composites,
and advanced polymers, offering improvements in both aesthetics and function. Ceramic brackets, for
instance, blend with natural teeth, providing a more discreet option for adult patients. Composite
materials, often used for clear aligners, are lightweight and flexible, increasing patient compliance.
Shape-memory alloys, such as nickel-titanium (NiTi) wires, offer consistent and gentle forces for more
efficient tooth movement, reducing the need for frequent adjustments.[14]
Biomechanical Advancements
Biomechanics, the study of forces on teeth, has improved the precision and effectiveness of orthodontic
treatments. Self-ligating brackets, which use built-in clips to secure archwires, reduce friction, allowing
for more efficient tooth movement and potentially shorter treatment times. Temporary anchorage devices
(TADs), small titanium screws placed in bone, provide precise control over tooth movement, enabling
complex corrections that were previously difficult to achieve.[15]
Biocompatibility and Patient Safety
The development of biocompatible materials has minimized adverse reactions and improved patient
safety. Non-toxic adhesives and anti-bacterial coatings on orthodontic appliances help prevent tissue
irritation and plaque accumulation, maintaining both oral health and appliance aesthetics.
In summary, innovations in biomaterials and biomechanics have greatly enhanced orthodontic treatments,
leading to more efficient, comfortable, and safe patient care.[16]
2. Interdisciplinary Approaches in Orthodontics
Integrating orthodontics with other dental and medical specialties is essential for providing holistic care,
particularly in complex cases.
Integration with Dental Specialties
Collaboration between orthodontics and specialties like periodontics, prosthodontics, and oral surgery is
crucial. For example, orthodontic treatment can improve occlusion, aiding periodontal health by making
oral hygiene easier. Likewise, in cases of missing teeth or restorative needs, orthodontists work with
prosthodontists to align teeth before implants or restorations.
Collaboration with Medical Fields
Orthodontics often requires coordination with medical fields, such as maxillofacial surgery and
otolaryngology. Maxillofacial surgeons work with orthodontists to manage severe skeletal discrepancies
S R et al | DOI: 10.65188/nurexus.1012
Nurexus | Journal of MedVerse Research and Practice | Volume 3 | Issue – 01 | January 2025
Page 32
or congenital conditions like cleft lip and palate. For conditions like obstructive sleep apnea (OSA),
orthodontists collaborate with ENT specialists to use devices like mandibular advancement appliances to
improve breathing during sleep.[16]
Comprehensive Treatment Planning
A multidisciplinary approach ensures comprehensive care. Treatment planning involves integrating
diagnostic data from various specialties to create a cohesive strategy. Digital tools like 3D imaging and
virtual planning software have facilitated collaboration, allowing healthcare professionals to visualize
treatment outcomes and make informed decisions.
In conclusion, interdisciplinary collaboration in orthodontics enhances care quality, addressing all aspects
of the patient's health and improving outcomes.[17]
Patient-Centric Innovations in Orthodontics
Orthodontics is increasingly focusing on patient-centered care, emphasizing comfort, convenience, and
overall satisfaction. This shift has led to the development of several innovations enhancing the patient
experience.
Personalized Treatment Plans
Digital technologies now allow orthodontists to create personalized treatment plans by using digital
models and simulations. This tailored approach ensures that each patient’s unique needs and preferences
are met, resulting in improved compliance and satisfaction [14].
Minimally Invasive Techniques
Minimally invasive methods are becoming more popular, offering patients a less uncomfortable and faster
recovery process. Clear aligners, which are nearly invisible and removable for eating and oral care,
provide a more comfortable and aesthetic alternative to traditional braces [15]. Additionally,
advancements in adhesive technology and bracket design have led to less invasive bonding techniques,
reducing preparation time and minimizing tissue irritation.
Enhancing Patient Compliance
Innovative treatment options, such as removable aligners, make it easier for patients to maintain their
regular activities and hygiene without disruption. Digital tools, including mobile apps and virtual
consultations, allow for better patient engagement and adherence to treatment protocols.
Focus on Aesthetics and Comfort
New orthodontic materials and appliances, including clear braces, ceramic brackets, and tooth-colored
wires, prioritize aesthetics. These options, combined with biocompatible materials, offer a more
comfortable and discreet treatment, enhancing the overall patient experience and encouraging more
individuals to seek orthodontic care [18]
3. Clinical Studies and Outcomes in Orthodontics
Evaluating clinical studies is essential to assess the effectiveness of new technologies and techniques in
orthodontics, guiding evidence-based practices.
Recent Clinical Trials and Studies
Research has demonstrated the effectiveness of clear aligners in treating various malocclusions, with
S R et al | DOI: 10.65188/nurexus.1012
Nurexus | Journal of MedVerse Research and Practice | Volume 3 | Issue – 01 | January 2025
Page 33
patient satisfaction improving due to their aesthetic appeal and comfort [1,2]. Clinical trials on self-
ligating brackets suggest reduced treatment time and discomfort compared to traditional braces, with less
friction leading to more efficient tooth movement [3]. However, the clinical significance of these
differences is still debated [4].
Digital orthodontics, including CAD/CAM technology and 3D printing, has enhanced the precision of
orthodontic appliances. Studies show that customized digital models lead to more accurate tooth
movements and better alignment, streamlining workflows and reducing fabrication time [5].
Traditional vs. Innovative Techniques
Studies comparing traditional braces with clear aligners highlight that while both are effective, clear
aligners offer better aesthetics and comfort, leading to higher patient satisfaction [6]. However, traditional
braces are more effective for severe cases, underscoring the importance of individualized treatment plans.
Similarly, research on self-ligating brackets shows advantages in reduced friction and treatment time over
conventional brackets. However, the clinical relevance of these benefits varies based on the specific case
and patient needs [7].
Long-term Outcomes and Patient Satisfaction
Long-term outcomes and patient satisfaction are essential in evaluating orthodontic treatments. Studies
show that innovations like clear aligners and digital orthodontics lead to high patient satisfaction due to
their aesthetic and comfort advantages [8]. Long-term follow-up indicates these treatments maintain
stable results and support better oral hygiene during treatment
Temporary anchorage devices (TADs) also contribute to positive long-term outcomes. TADs offer stable
anchorage, enabling precise tooth movement. Clinical research confirms their effectiveness in complex
corrections and their ability to maintain results with minimal discomfort [9].
Impact on Quality of Life
Innovative orthodontic approaches significantly improve patients' quality of life. The aesthetic advantages
of clear aligners and ceramic brackets boost patients' confidence and social interactions during treatment
[10]. Additionally, the convenience and comfort of these appliances reduce the physical and
psychological burden compared to traditional braces.
The integration of digital tools and teleorthodontics enhances patient engagement. Remote monitoring
and virtual consultations allow for continuous support, enabling patients to play a more active role in their
care, leading to improved treatment outcomes and satisfaction [11].
In conclusion, studies demonstrate that innovative orthodontic approaches lead to high patient
satisfaction, improved quality of life, and better long-term outcomes.
1. Ethical and Regulatory Considerations
The rapid advancement of orthodontic technologies raises important ethical and regulatory questions.
Ensuring patient safety, maintaining ethical standards, and navigating regulatory frameworks are crucial
for integrating new innovations.
Ethical Implications
New technologies, like clear aligners and digital orthodontics, can be expensive, potentially limiting
access for lower-income patients [12]. Orthodontists must be mindful of these disparities and aim for
S R et al | DOI: 10.65188/nurexus.1012
Nurexus | Journal of MedVerse Research and Practice | Volume 3 | Issue – 01 | January 2025
Page 34
equitable care.
Informed consent is also a key ethical consideration. With more complex technologies, it is important for
orthodontists to ensure patients fully understand the risks, benefits, and alternatives of treatment plans
[13]. Furthermore, AI and machine learning in treatment planning introduce concerns about data privacy
and algorithmic bias, requiring careful oversight to ensure fairness and transparency [14].
Regulatory Challenges and Solutions
The integration of new technologies into clinical practice requires navigating regulatory frameworks to
ensure safety and efficacy. Regulatory bodies like the FDA play an essential role in approving new
technologies [15]. However, keeping pace with rapid advancements remains a challenge. Regulatory
guidelines must be flexible to accommodate new innovations without compromising patient safety.
Teleorthodontics, for example, presents unique challenges related to patient privacy and data security,
which require specific regulatory guidelines to ensure quality care [16]
Professional Standards and Continuing Education
Orthodontists must stay updated on emerging technologies through ongoing education and professional
development programs. These programs should provide both theoretical knowledge and practical skills
[17]. Professional codes of ethics guide orthodontists in addressing dilemmas, ensuring patient-centered
care [18]. In conclusion, addressing ethical and regulatory challenges is crucial to successfully integrating
new technologies in orthodontics. By focusing on safety, equitable access, and professional standards,
orthodontists can ensure innovations enhance patient care while adhering to ethical principles.[18]
2. Future Directions
The future of orthodontics holds great promise, driven by ongoing research, technological advancements,
and patient-centered care.
Potential Future Trends and Innovations
AI and machine learning will likely continue shaping orthodontic treatments, offering more personalized
and precise treatment plans. Future AI developments could enable real-time monitoring, allowing for
immediate adjustments to treatment protocols [19].
Additionally, bioengineered materials and regenerative techniques are showing potential in promoting
tissue regeneration and accelerating tooth movement, which may reduce treatment time and improve
comfort [20]. 3D bioprinting is also being explored for custom tissue fabrication, holding promise for
complex orthodontic cases.
Ongoing Research and Development
Ongoing research into the biomechanics of tooth movement, genetic factors in tooth development, and the
long-term effects of treatments will drive future innovations. Minimally invasive techniques and
advanced imaging tools are key areas of focus, aiming to enhance treatment precision and reduce
recovery times.[20]
Summary
Orthodontics has undergone a remarkable transformation through technological, material, and procedural
innovations that have revolutionized diagnosis, treatment planning, and patient care. Traditional
S R et al | DOI: 10.65188/nurexus.1012
Nurexus | Journal of MedVerse Research and Practice | Volume 3 | Issue – 01 | January 2025
Page 35
mechanical techniques have evolved into digitally driven approaches integrating 3D imaging, CAD/CAM
systems, and 3D printing, enhancing treatment precision and efficiency. Clear aligners, self-ligating
brackets, and shape-memory alloys have improved aesthetics, comfort, and treatment speed. Artificial
intelligence and robotics now aid in diagnosis, treatment simulation, and automated procedures, while tele
orthodontics expands access through remote monitoring and virtual consultations. Advancements in
biomaterials and biomechanics, including biocompatible and antibacterial materials, ensure safer and
more effective treatment outcomes. Interdisciplinary collaborations with dental and medical specialties,
such as periodontics, prosthodontics, and maxillofacial surgery, promote comprehensive patient
management. Recent clinical studies demonstrate that digital orthodontics, clear aligners, and self-ligating
systems yield high patient satisfaction, better oral hygiene, and efficient results. However, challenges
remain regarding ethical concerns, cost, data privacy, and regulatory compliance. Future directions
include AI-driven real-time treatment monitoring, bioengineered and regenerative materials, and 3D
bioprinting for personalized care. Overall, the continuous integration of technology, interdisciplinary
collaboration, and patient-centered innovations are shaping a more efficient, aesthetic, and accessible
future for orthodontic practice.
Conclusion
As new technologies emerge, orthodontists will need to adapt their practices, ensuring they are well-
trained and informed to incorporate these innovations [19, 20]. Research will also need to address ethical
and regulatory challenges to ensure safe, accessible, and effective treatments.
Collaboration among researchers, clinicians, regulatory bodies, and industry stakeholders will be essential
for driving progress and navigating challenges in orthodontics.
Conflict of Interest: Nil
References
1. Keim, R. G., Gottlieb, E. L., Nelson, A. H., & Vogels, D. S. (2018). 2017 JCO Orthodontic Practice Study:
Trends in Orthodontic Practice. Journal of Clinical Orthodontics, 52(1), 14-41.
2. Al-Moghrabi, D., Salazar, F. C., Pandis, N., & Fleming, P. S. (2017). Compliance with removable orthodontic
appliances and adjuncts: A systematic review and meta- analysis. American journal of orthodontics and
dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent
societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics, 152(1), 17–32.
3. Yu, Z., Jiaqiang, L., Weiting, C., Wang, Y., Zhen, M., & Ni, Z. (2014). Stability of treatment with self-
ligating brackets and conventional brackets in adolescents: a long- term follow-up retrospective study. Head
& face medicine, 10, 41. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-160X-10-41
4. Gabada, D., Reche, A., Saoji, K. P., Deshmukh, R., Rathi, N., & Mantri, A. (2023). Accelerated orthodontics:
Stepping into the future orthodontics. Cureus, 15(10), e46824. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.46824
5. El-Angbawi, A., McIntyre, G., Fleming, P. S., & Bearn, D. (2023). Non-surgical adjunctive interventions for
accelerating tooth movement in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Cochrane Database of Systematic
Reviews, 2023(6), CD010887. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD010887.pub3
6. Afzal, E., Fida, M., Malik, D. S., Irfan, S., & Gul, M. (2021). Comparison between conventional and
piezocision-assisted orthodontics in relieving anterior crowding: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
European Journal of Orthodontics, 43(3), 360-366. https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjaa046
7. Kalemaj, Z., Debernardi, C. L., & Buti, J. (2015). Efficacy of surgical and non- surgical interventions on
accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: A systematic review. European Journal of Oral Implantology, 8(1),
9-24. PMID: 25738176
S R et al | DOI: 10.65188/nurexus.1012
Nurexus | Journal of MedVerse Research and Practice | Volume 3 | Issue – 01 | January 2025
Page 36
8. Andrade, I. Jr., Sousa, A. B., & da Silva, G. G. (2014). New therapeutic modalities to modulate orthodontic
tooth movement. Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics, 19(6), 123-133. https://doi.org/10.1590/2176-
9451.19.6.123-133.sar
9. Han, S. H., Park, W. J., & Park, J. B. (2023). Comparative efficacy of traditional corticotomy and flapless
piezotomy in facilitating orthodontic tooth movement: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicina
(Kaunas), 59(10), 1804. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59101804
10. Wang, X., Liu, Q., Peng, J., Song, W., Zhao, J., & Chen, L. (2023). The effects and mechanisms of PBM
therapy in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement. Biomolecules, 13(7), 1140.
https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13071140
11. Yi, J., Xiao, J., Li, Y., Li, X., & Zhao, Z. (2017). Efficacy of piezocision on accelerating orthodontic tooth
movement: A systematic review. Angle Orthodontist, 87(4), 491-498. https://doi.org/10.2319/011917-751.1
12. Mota-Rodríguez, A. N., Olmedo-Hernández, O., & Argueta-Figueroa, L. (2019). A systematic analysis of
evidence for surgically accelerated orthodontics. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry, 11(9),
e829-e838. https://doi.org/10.4317/jced.56048
13. Mertens, B., Angioni, C., Orti, V., & Canal, P. (2017). Collaboration between periodontics and orthodontics:
Interest of alveolar corticotomies and piezocision. Review of literature. Orthod Fr, 88(2), 179-191.
https://doi.org/10.1051/orthodfr/2017010
14. Gkantidis, N., Mistakidis, I., Kouskoura, T., & Pandis, N. (2014). Effectiveness of non-conventional
methods for accelerated orthodontic tooth movement: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of
Dentistry, 42(10), 1300-1319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2014.07.013
15. Keser, E., & Naini, F. B. (2022). Accelerated orthodontic tooth movement: Surgical techniques and the
regional acceleratory phenomenon. Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 44(1), 1.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40902-021-00331-5
16. Fu, T., Liu, S., Zhao, H., Cao, M., & Zhang, R. (2019). Effectiveness and safety of minimally invasive
orthodontic tooth movement acceleration: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Dental
Research, 98(13), 1469-1479. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034519878412
17. Charavet, C., Lambert, F., Lecloux, G., & Le Gall, M. (2019). Accelerated orthodontic treatment using
corticotomies: What are the minimally invasive alternatives? Orthod Fr, 90(1), 5-12.
https://doi.org/10.1051/orthodfr/2019002
18. Kamal, A. T., Malik, D. E. S., Fida, M., & Sukhia, R. H. (2019). Does periodontally accelerated osteogenic
orthodontics improve orthodontic treatment outcome? A systematic review and meta-analysis. International
Orthodontics, 17(2), 193-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ortho.2019.03.006
19. Figueiredo, D. S., Houara, R. G., Pinto, L. M., Diniz, A. R., de Araújo, V. E., Thabane, L., Soares, R. V., &
Oliveira, D. D. (2019). Effects of piezocision in orthodontic tooth movement: A systematic review of
comparative studies. Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry,
11(11), e1078–e1092. https://doi.org/10.4317/jced.56328
20. Olmedo-Hernández, O. L., Mota-Rodríguez, A. N., Torres-Rosas, R., & Argueta- Figueroa, L. (2022). Effect
of the photobiomodulation for acceleration of the orthodontic tooth movement: a systematic review and
meta-analysis. Lasers in medical science, 37(5), 2323–2341. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-022-03538-8
